Single-element based ultra-wideband antenna array concepts for wireless high-precision 2-D local positioning

We generally categorize the approaches for ultrawideband antenna array design, and consequently propose simplified concepts for antenna arrays for a high-precision, ultra-wideband FMCW radar 2-D local positioning system to obtain robustness against multi path interference, perform angle of arrival analysis, as well as instantaneous heading estimation. We focus on low-cost and mechanical robust, industrial-application ready antennas. The antenna arrays are optimized for operation in the 5 GHz to 8 GHz frequency range and are designed towards supporting full omnidirectional 360 as well as partial half-plane direction of arrival estimation. Two different concepts for vehicleas well as wall-mounted antenna array systems are proposed and discussed. We propose a wideband unidirectional bow-tie antenna array element having 97 % impedance and 37 % pattern bandwidth and a robust vehicle mounted omnidirectional antenna element having more than 85 % impedance and pattern bandwidth.